The monitoring and alert system ALMOND-F (Alarm and Monitoring System for Debris-Flow), which has been designed by SIAP+MICROS and CNR IRPI, is mainly devoted to:
•    ows,the issue of warnings for protection from debris and mud
•    ows for documentation and research purposes.the Multi-parametric integrated monitoring of debris
The ALMOND-F consists of an innovative detecting system that, thanks to the integrated use of 3 geophones and 1 level sensor, placed along a reach of the torrent to be monitored, allows to retrieve the following parameters for the characterization of the phenomena:
•    height of the main front and of possible further waves,
•    mean front speed,
•    peak discharge (a stable section must be present),
•    total volume of the debris flow (a stable section must be present),

The precision of any monitoring system depends on its calibration to better fit the features of the installation site. The ALMOND-F makes no exception and, in order to get a higher reliability of the retrieved information, we warmly SUGGEST a detailed evaluation about the choice of cation level,sensors, sampling and recording frequencies, signal ampli a careful choice of the method of installation of the geophones, a correct choice of the method for signal processing, a correct choice of the algorithm used for alarm issuing. The more these evaluation will be c installation site, the more the recorded datacustomized on the speci will be accurate and meaningful and the same for the issued warnings.
The main advantages given by the ALMOND-F when it's used as an alarm system compared to the traditional one using trip wires, pendulums or stage sensors are the following:
•    It uses passive type sensors (geophones) which don't need any power supply, and this allows its use in sites where there's no power supply and/or low insulation conditions,
•    It doesn't need any suspension structure, as required by other sensors, since the geophones can be installed directly in the terrain. This makes the installation easier and safer, because there's no risk of collapse for the retaining structures due to bank erosion,
•    It's not affected by torrent deviation generated by erosion and/or deposition, which instead could jeopardize the functionality of other types of monitoring systems. This appears particularly remarkable when ow monitoring is carried out for warning purpose,the debris-
•    It doesn't need to be installed in the close proximity of the torrent banks. This could be an essential advantage where the banks are extremely steep or subjected to landslide and collapse. The ALMOND-F cation of the geophonic signal,System permits to vary the ampli allowing the sensor installation even dozens of meters far from the torrent, granting great versatility to the system itself,
•    ow before the It detects the ground vibration generated by the debris  arrival of the debris flow frontat the cross section where the sensors are placed (often the sensors have to be installed very downsatream- for logistic needs). Thanks to its versatility, the ALMOND-F system can be placed very close to the triggering zone (usually in very inaccessible places) giving the warning alert many dozens of seconds earlier than other monitoring systems,
•    It allows to retrieve a larger quantity of monitoring data compared to other monitoring systems. It's possible to measure the intensity of soil vibration, its frequency and the shape of the debris-flow wave . The availability of a larger number of parameters permits the cation of more robust algorithms, able to reduce the number of identi false alarms.
The ALMOND-F is based on last version of SIAP+MICROS DA9000 data logger equipped with OS WIN CE embedded. The data logger is able to acquire and elaborate a very huge number of data, thus it's very adaptable to different purpose. The ALMOND-F with geophones can be customized according to different needs. The standard version of the ALMOND-F has got the following configuration:
    
Option:
The ALMOND-F is open and modular, such as to permit a variety of customization in order to make it interesting for different purpose. For example, the system could be integrated with the following hardware:
•    Rain gauge (for monitoring the activated precipitation),
•    Pulling sensors (for detecting the flow transit),
•    Pendulums (for detecting the flow transit),
•    Temperature and Humidity sensor,
•    Snow level sensor,
•    Anemometric sensor,
•    UHF, Satellite, Wi-Fi Communication system, …. Other.

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